Articles | Volume 73, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-357-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-357-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Standard article
| 
14 Dec 2018
Standard article |
| 14 Dec 2018
| 14 Dec 2018
Regional-scale inventory of periglacial moving landforms connected to the torrential network system
Department of Geosciences/Geography, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
Reynald Delaloye
Department of Geosciences/Geography, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
Related authors
Mauro Fischer, Matthias Huss, Mario Kummert, and Martin Hoelzle
The Cryosphere, 10, 1279–1295, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1279-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1279-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides the first thorough validation of geodetic glacier mass changes derived from close-range high-resolution remote sensing techniques, and highlights the potential of terrestrial laser scanning for repeated mass balance monitoring of very small alpine glaciers. The presented methodology is promising, as laborious and potentially dangerous in situ measurements as well as the spatial inter- and extrapolation of point measurements over the entire glacier can be circumvented.
Hanne Hendrickx, Xabier Blanch, Melanie Elias, Reynald Delaloye, and Anette Eltner
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2570, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2570, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study introduces a novel AI-based method to track and analyse the movement of rock glaciers and landslides, key indicators of permafrost dynamics in high mountain regions. Using time-lapse images, our approach provides detailed velocity data, revealing patterns that traditional methods miss. This cost-effective tool enhances our ability to monitor geohazards, offering insights into climate change impacts on permafrost and improving safety in alpine areas.
Alessandro Cicoira, Samuel Weber, Andreas Biri, Ben Buchli, Reynald Delaloye, Reto Da Forno, Isabelle Gärtner-Roer, Stephan Gruber, Tonio Gsell, Andreas Hasler, Roman Lim, Philippe Limpach, Raphael Mayoraz, Matthias Meyer, Jeannette Noetzli, Marcia Phillips, Eric Pointner, Hugo Raetzo, Cristian Scapozza, Tazio Strozzi, Lothar Thiele, Andreas Vieli, Daniel Vonder Mühll, Vanessa Wirz, and Jan Beutel
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 5061–5091, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5061-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5061-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper documents a monitoring network of 54 positions, located on different periglacial landforms in the Swiss Alps: rock glaciers, landslides, and steep rock walls. The data serve basic research but also decision-making and mitigation of natural hazards. It is the largest dataset of its kind, comprising over 209 000 daily positions and additional weather data.
Aldo Bertone, Chloé Barboux, Xavier Bodin, Tobias Bolch, Francesco Brardinoni, Rafael Caduff, Hanne H. Christiansen, Margaret M. Darrow, Reynald Delaloye, Bernd Etzelmüller, Ole Humlum, Christophe Lambiel, Karianne S. Lilleøren, Volkmar Mair, Gabriel Pellegrinon, Line Rouyet, Lucas Ruiz, and Tazio Strozzi
The Cryosphere, 16, 2769–2792, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2769-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2769-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the guidelines developed by the IPA Action Group and within the ESA Permafrost CCI project to include InSAR-based kinematic information in rock glacier inventories. Nine operators applied these guidelines to 11 regions worldwide; more than 3600 rock glaciers are classified according to their kinematics. We test and demonstrate the feasibility of applying common rules to produce homogeneous kinematic inventories at global scale, useful for hydrological and climate change purposes.
Isabelle Gärtner-Roer, Nina Brunner, Reynald Delaloye, Wilfried Haeberli, Andreas Kääb, and Patrick Thee
The Cryosphere, 16, 2083–2101, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2083-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2083-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We intensely investigated the Gruben site in the Swiss Alps, where glaciers and permafrost landforms closely interact, to better understand cold-climate environments. By the interpretation of air photos from 5 decades, we describe long-term developments of the existing landforms. In combination with high-resolution positioning measurements and ground surface temperatures, we were also able to link these to short-term changes and describe different landform responses to climate forcing.
Sebastián Vivero, Reynald Delaloye, and Christophe Lambiel
Earth Surf. Dynam. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2021-8, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2021-8, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
We use repeated drone flights to measure the velocities of a rock glacier located in the western Swiss Alps. The results are validated by comparing with simultaneous GPS measurements. Between 2016 and 2019, the rock glacier doubled its overall frontal velocity, from 5 m to more than 10 m per year. These high velocities and the development of a scarp feature indicate a rock glacier destabilisation phase. Finally, this work highlights the use of drones for rock glacier monitoring.
Coline Mollaret, Christin Hilbich, Cécile Pellet, Adrian Flores-Orozco, Reynald Delaloye, and Christian Hauck
The Cryosphere, 13, 2557–2578, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2557-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2557-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a long-term multisite electrical resistivity tomography monitoring network (more than 1000 datasets recorded from six mountain permafrost sites). Despite harsh and remote measurement conditions, the datasets are of good quality and show consistent spatio-temporal variations yielding significant added value to point-scale borehole information. Observed long-term trends are similar for all permafrost sites, showing ongoing permafrost thaw and ground ice loss due to climatic conditions.
Benjamin Mewes, Christin Hilbich, Reynald Delaloye, and Christian Hauck
The Cryosphere, 11, 2957–2974, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2957-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2957-2017, 2017
Antoine Marmy, Jan Rajczak, Reynald Delaloye, Christin Hilbich, Martin Hoelzle, Sven Kotlarski, Christophe Lambiel, Jeannette Noetzli, Marcia Phillips, Nadine Salzmann, Benno Staub, and Christian Hauck
The Cryosphere, 10, 2693–2719, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2693-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2693-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a new semi-automated method to calibrate the 1-D soil model COUP. It is the first time (as far as we know) that this approach is developed for mountain permafrost. It is applied at six test sites in the Swiss Alps. In a second step, the calibrated model is used for RCM-based simulations with specific downscaling of RCM data to the borehole scale. We show projections of the permafrost evolution at the six sites until the end of the century and according to the A1B scenario.
Mauro Fischer, Matthias Huss, Mario Kummert, and Martin Hoelzle
The Cryosphere, 10, 1279–1295, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1279-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1279-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides the first thorough validation of geodetic glacier mass changes derived from close-range high-resolution remote sensing techniques, and highlights the potential of terrestrial laser scanning for repeated mass balance monitoring of very small alpine glaciers. The presented methodology is promising, as laborious and potentially dangerous in situ measurements as well as the spatial inter- and extrapolation of point measurements over the entire glacier can be circumvented.
B. Staub, A. Marmy, C. Hauck, C. Hilbich, and R. Delaloye
Geogr. Helv., 70, 45–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, 2015
Related subject area
Physical Geography
Patrimoine géologique et géomorphologique : base pour le géotourisme et la création d'un géoparc UNESCO dans le Dahar (Sud-est tunisien)
Chancen, Herausforderungen und Risiken der Inwertsetzung des regionalen Geo-Erbes: Geotopschutz und Geotourismus im Spannungsfeld unterschiedlichster Interessen
The potential of fragipans in sustaining pearl millet during drought periods in north-central Namibia
The 1513 Monte Crenone rock avalanche: numerical model and geomorphological analysis
Evolution of fluvial environments and history of human settlements on the Ticino river alluvial plain
Schmidt hammer exposure-age dating of periglacial and glacial landforms in the Southern Swiss Alps based on R-value calibration using historical data
Assessing the ecological value of dynamic mountain geomorphosites
Assessing hillslope sediment generation potential by tree throw: a preliminary field study along a small river valley in the Jura Mountains, northwest Switzerland
Glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment by satellite Earth observation in the Himalayas (Chomolhari area, Bhutan)
Reconstruction and actual trends of landslide activities in Bruust–Haltiwald, Horw, canton of Lucerne, Switzerland
Monitoring the crisis of a rock glacier with repeated UAV surveys
Piecing together the Lateglacial advance phases of the Reussgletscher (central Swiss Alps)
A study of the Würm glaciation focused on the Valais region (Alps)
Last Glacial Maximum precipitation pattern in the Alps inferred from glacier modelling
Avalanche fatalities in the European Alps: long-term trends and statistics
Challenges and solutions for long-term permafrost borehole temperature monitoring and data interpretation
Introduction to the special issue of Geographica Helvetica: "Mapping, measuring and modeling in geomorphology"
Methods for detecting channel bed surface changes in a mountain torrent – experiences from the Dorfbach torrent
Risiko des Eintrags von Phosphor in den Hallwilersee durch Bodenerosion
The use of a raindrop aggregate destruction device to evaluate sediment and soil organic carbon transport
Investigation on protalus ramparts in the Swiss Alps
Improvements in 3-D digital mapping for geomorphological and Quaternary geological cartography
Ground temperature variations in a talus slope influenced by permafrost: a comparison of field observations and model simulations
The influence of terracettes on the surface hydrology of steep-sloping and subalpine environments: some preliminary findings
Experimentelle Erkundung von Wildbächen, Murgängen, Hangrutschungen und Steinschlag: Aktuelle Beispiele der WSL
Editorial Publishing physical geography papers in Geographica Helvetica
Implications of climate change on Glacier de la Plaine Morte, Switzerland
Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf die schweizerische Wasserkraftnutzung
Topoclimatological case-study of Alpine pastures near the Albula Pass in the eastern Swiss Alps
A spatial and temporal analysis of different periglacial materials by using geoelectrical, seismic and borehole temperature data at Murtèl–Corvatsch, Upper Engadin, Swiss Alps
Emmanuel Reynard, Tarek Ben Fraj, Aziza Ghram Messedi, Hédi Ben Ouezdou, Mohamed Ouaja, and Yves Matthijs
Geogr. Helv., 77, 97–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-97-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-97-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study is a geomorphological analysis of Djebel Dahar, in south-eastern Tunisia, carried out as the basis for a UNESCO Global Geopark. We made a synthesis of the geographical, geological and geomorphological context of the area, proposed a delimitation for the future geopark, based on geological and geomorphological characteristics, and established a preliminary list of geosites, indicating their scientific value and their potential for geotourism.
Heidi Megerle, Simon Martin, and Géraldine Regolini
Geogr. Helv., 77, 53–66, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-53-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-53-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In the field of regional geo-heritage promotion, this paper presents some opportunities, challenges and risks for geotope protection and geotourism.
Brice Prudat, Wolfgang Fister, Lena Bloemertz, Juliane Krenz, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 77, 39–51, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-39-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-39-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil quality depends on water availability for plants. Sandy soils with a poorly permeable layer (fragipan) are considered inept for agriculture. However they are cultivated in Namibia as they secure a minimum harvest during droughts. In order to understand the hydrological influence of fragipans in these soils, soil moisture content was measured. The results illustrate that the combination of sandy topsoil and shallow fragipan has beneficial effects on plant-available water during dry periods.
Alessandro De Pedrini, Christian Ambrosi, and Cristian Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 77, 21–37, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-21-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-21-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Monte Crenone rock avalanche of 1513 is well known on the southern side of the Alps because in 1515 it generated the largest inundation that has occurred in Switzerland in the Common Era, the Buzza di Biasca. New geological and historical observations allowed the setup of a numerical model of this major event, permitting a better definition of the chain of consequences that affected the alluvial plain of the river Ticino from Biasca to Lake Maggiore between the 16th and the 19th century.
Dorota Czerski, Daphné Giacomazzi, and Cristian Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 77, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents the results of recent geoarchaeological studies on the Ticino river alluvial plain. The sedimentological descriptions are combined with archaeological observations and constrained with radiocarbon dating. This approach, together with data from previous research and historical sources, provides an interesting overview of the eveolution of Ticino river morphosedimentary dynamics in relation to human settlements since the Neolithic.
Cristian Scapozza, Chantal Del Siro, Christophe Lambiel, and Christian Ambrosi
Geogr. Helv., 76, 401–423, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-401-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-401-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Exposure ages make it possible to determine the time of weathering of a rock surface. They can be determined from rebound values measured with the Schmidt hammer and calibrated on surfaces of known age, defined in this study thanks to historical cartography and two mule tracks built in 300 and 1250 CE, which allowed us to reconstruct glacier fluctuations over the last 3 centuries in Val Scaradra and to define the time of deglaciation and rock glacier development in the Splügenpass region.
Jonathan Bussard and Elisa Giaccone
Geogr. Helv., 76, 385–399, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-385-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-385-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In mountain environments, active geomorphological processes have a strong influence on plant diversity because they act as renovators for habitats of pioneer species. In this paper, we propose criteria to assess the ecological value of dynamic mountain geomorphosites. We show that the interest of plant communities and the influence of geomorphological processes on plant communities are fundamental criteria for assessing ecological value in an exhaustive and objective way.
Philip Greenwood, Jan Bauer, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 76, 319–333, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-319-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-319-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Soil erosion by wind and water is a commonly recognized phenomenon on agricultural land. Erosion in forests is studied less and generally considered to be limited because of the soil protection by vegetation. However, trees, when toppled because of old age or wind, loosen a considerable amount of soil when their roots are pulled from the ground. In addition, the holes left in the ground act as collectors for water and concentrated runoff, causing significant soil loss on forested slopes.
Cristian Scapozza, Christian Ambrosi, Massimiliano Cannata, and Tazio Strozzi
Geogr. Helv., 74, 125–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-125-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-125-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment by satellite Earth observation and numerical modelling was done for the lakes linked to the Thangothang Chhu glacier, Chomolhari area (Bhutan), combining detailed geomorphological mapping, landslide and rock glacier inventories, as well as surface displacements quantified by satellite InSAR. Outburst scenario modelling revealed that only a flood wave can have an impact on the two human settlements located downslope of the glacier.
Philippe Burkhalter, Markus Egli, and Holger Gärtner
Geogr. Helv., 74, 93–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-93-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-93-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A spatiotemporal reconstruction of slope movements on the edge of Lake Lucerne near the municipality of Horw, canton of Lucerne is presented. The reconstruction was realized by analyzing growth reactions of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) trees growing on this slope. Results show that the area has been moving at least since 1948. A significant concentration of events was observed between 1990 and 2000 as well as after 2006.
Sebastián Vivero and Christophe Lambiel
Geogr. Helv., 74, 59–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-59-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-59-2019, 2019
Max Boxleitner, Susan Ivy-Ochs, Dagmar Brandova, Marcus Christl, Markus Egli, and Max Maisch
Geogr. Helv., 73, 241–252, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-241-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-241-2018, 2018
Patrick Becker, Martin Funk, Christian Schlüchter, and Kolumban Hutter
Geogr. Helv., 72, 421–442, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-421-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-421-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This article studies the ice flow in the Valais region during the last glaciation (Würm) in detail. The numerical modelling shows a discrepancy of the height of the ice cap compared to the geomorphological evidence based on trimlines. However, geomorphological evidence at the Simplon Pass indicating an ice flow from the Rhone valley into the valley of Toce was confirmed. Furthermore it is shown that for this confirmation a sufficient ice thickness is obligatory.
Patrick Becker, Julien Seguinot, Guillaume Jouvet, and Martin Funk
Geogr. Helv., 71, 173–187, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-173-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-173-2016, 2016
Frank Techel, Frédéric Jarry, Georg Kronthaler, Susanna Mitterer, Patrick Nairz, Miha Pavšek, Mauro Valt, and Gian Darms
Geogr. Helv., 71, 147–159, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-147-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-147-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
During the last 45 years, about 100 people lost their lives in avalanches in the European Alps each year. Avalanche fatalities in settlements and on transportation corridors have considerably decreased since the 1970s. In contrast, the number of avalanche fatalities during recreational activities away from avalanche-secured terrain doubled between the 1960s and 1980s and has remained relatively stable since, despite a continuing strong increase in winter backcountry recreational activities.
Rachel Luethi and Marcia Phillips
Geogr. Helv., 71, 121–131, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-121-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-121-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term borehole temperature monitoring in mountain permafrost environments is challenging under the hostile conditions reigning there. On the basis of data measured in the SLF borehole network we show situations where ground temperature data should be interpreted with caution. A selection of recently observed problems are discussed, and advantages and possible drawbacks of various solutions including data correction, measurement redundancy or alternate instrumentation are presented.
P. Greenwood, M. Hoelzle, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 311–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-311-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-311-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Editorial introducing the special issue of Geographica Helvetica: Mapping, Measuring and Modeling in Geomorphology.
C. Willi, C. Graf, Y. Deubelbeiss, and M. Keiler
Geogr. Helv., 70, 265–279, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-265-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-265-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The erosion of and depositions on channel bed surfaces are instrumental to understanding debris flow processes. We present different methods and highlight their pro and cons. Terrestrial and airborne laser scanning, erosion sensors, cross sections and geomorphological mapping are compared. Two of these approaches are tested and applied in a torrent. The results indicate that the methods are associated with variable temporal and spatial resolution as well as data quality and invested effort.
S. Müller and D. Schaub
Geogr. Helv., 70, 193–198, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-193-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-193-2015, 2015
L. Xiao, Y. Hu, P. Greenwood, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 167–174, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-167-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-167-2015, 2015
C. Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 70, 135–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-135-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-135-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In the scientific literature, “protalus ramparts” can designate both a nivo-gravitational landform (also called “pronival ramparts”) and a permafrost-related landform. Thanks to a selection of eight major diagnostic criteria defined from observations carried out in the Swiss Alps, it was highlighted that the structure, ice content and creep dynamics of protalus ramparts are the same as many rock glaciers. Protalus rampart were therefore defined simply as a (small) active talus rock glacier.
C. Ambrosi and C. Scapozza
Geogr. Helv., 70, 121–133, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-121-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-121-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Some examples of 3-D digital mapping for Quaternary geological and geomorphological cartography are presented in this paper. Examples concern in particular the Quaternary geological cartography around the well-know Flims rockslide area (Graubünden), performed in the framework of the GeoCover project launched by the Swiss Geological Survey, and the landslide and glacial/periglacial landform mapping and inventorying in the southern Swiss Alps (Ticino) for assessing the slope tectonic activity.
B. Staub, A. Marmy, C. Hauck, C. Hilbich, and R. Delaloye
Geogr. Helv., 70, 45–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-45-2015, 2015
P. Greenwood, S. Kuonen, W. Fister, and N. J. Kuhn
Geogr. Helv., 70, 63–73, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-63-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-63-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Alpine and mountain slopes represent important pathways that link high-altitude grazing areas to meadows and rangelands at lower elevations. Given the acute gradients associated with such environments, we hypothesize that terracettes act as efficient runoff conveyance routes that facilitate the movement of runoff and associated material during erosion events. This hypothesis was partially disproved during a series of rainfall/runoff simulations on a well-developed terracette system, however.
M. Stähli, C. Graf, C. Scheidl, C. R. Wyss, and A. Volkwein
Geogr. Helv., 70, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-1-2015, 2015
M. Hoelzle and E. Reynard
Geogr. Helv., 68, 225–226, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-225-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-225-2013, 2013
M. Huss, A. Voinesco, and M. Hoelzle
Geogr. Helv., 68, 227–237, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-227-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-227-2013, 2013
R. Weingartner, B. Schädler, and P. Hänggi
Geogr. Helv., 68, 239–248, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-239-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-239-2013, 2013
P. Michna, W. Eugster, R. V. Hiller, M. J. Zeeman, and H. Wanner
Geogr. Helv., 68, 249–263, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-249-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-249-2013, 2013
S. Schneider, S. Daengeli, C. Hauck, and M. Hoelzle
Geogr. Helv., 68, 265–280, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-265-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-68-265-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Arenson, L., Hoelzle, M., and Springman, S.: Borehole deformation measurements
and internal structure of some rock glaciers in Switzerland, Permafrost Periglac.
Process., 13, 117–135, 2002.
Barboux, C., Delaloye, R., and Lambiel, C.: Inventorying slope movements in an
Alpine environment using DInSAR, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 39, 1078–1094, 2014.
Barsch, D.: Permafrost creep and rock glaciers, Permafrost Periglac. Process.,
3, 175–188, 1992.
Benn, D. I., Kirkbride, M. P., Owen, L. A., and Brazier, V.: Glaciated valley
landsystems, in: Glacial Landsystems, Arnold, London, 372–406, 2003.
Bodin, X., Thibert, E., Fabre, D., Ribolini, A., Schoeneich, P., Francou, B.,
Reynaud, L., and Fort, M.: Two decades of responses (1986–2006) to climate by
the Laurichard rock glacier, French Alps, Permafrost Periglac. Process.,
20, 331–344, 2009.
Bosson, J.-B. and Lambiel, C.: Internal structure and current evolution of very
small debris-covered glacier systems located in alpine permafrost environments,
Front. Earth Sci., 4, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2016.00039, 2016.
Bovis, M. J. and Jakob, M.: The role of debris supply conditions in predicting
debris flow activity, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 24, 1039–1054, 1999.
Bracken, L. J., Turnbull, L., Wainwright, J., and Bogaart, P.: Sediment
connectivity: a framework for understanding sediment transfer at multiple scales,
Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 40, 177–188, 2015.
Buchli, T., Merz, K., Zhou, X., Kinzelbach, W., and Springman, S. M.:
Characterization and monitoring of the Furggwanghorn rock glacier, Turtmann
Valley, Switzerland: Results from 2010 to 2012, Vadose Zone J., 12, 1–15,
https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2012.0067, 2012.
Cavalli, M., Trevisani, S., Comiti, F., and Marchi, L.: Geomorphometric
assessment of spatial sediment connectivity in small Alpine catchments,
Geomorphology, 188, 31–41, 2013.
D'Agostino, V. and Marchi, L.: Debris flow magnitude in the Eastern Italian
Alps: data collection and analysis, Phys. Chem. Earth Pt. C, 26, 657–663, 2001.
Delaloye, R.: Contribution à l'étude du pergélisol de montagne en
zone marginale, in: GeoFocus vol. 10, Thèse, Département de
Géosciences/Géographie, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, 2004.
Delaloye, R. and Morand, S.: Du Val Ferret au Grand-Combin (Alpes Valaisannes):
Inventaire des glaciers rocheux et analyse spatiale du pergélisol à
l'aide d'un système d'information géographique (IDRISI), MS Thesis,
University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, 1997.
Delaloye, R., Lambiel, C., Lugon, R., Raetzo, H., and Strozzi, T.: ERS InSAR
for detecting slope movement in a periglacial mountain environment (western
Valais Alps, Switzerland), in: Proceedings of HMRSC-IX, Grazer Schriften der
Geographie und Raumforschung, 43, 113–120, 2007a.
Delaloye, R., Lambiel, C., Lugon, R., Raetzo, H., and Strozzi, T.: Typical ERS
InSAR signature of slope movement in a periglacial mountain environment (Swiss
Alps), in: Proceedings of ENVISAT Symposium 2007, ESA SP-636, July 2007, 6 pp., 2007b.
Delaloye, R., Perruchoud, E., Avian, M., Kaufmann, V., Bodin, X., Hausmann, H., I
keda, A., Kääb, A., Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A., Krainer, K., Lambiel, C.,
Mihajlovic, D., Staub, B., Roer, I., and Thibert, E.: Recent interannual
variations of rock glacier creep in the European Alps, edited by: Kane, D. L.
and Hinkel, K. M., in: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on
Permafrost, 29 June–3 July 2008, Fairbanks, Alaska, 343–348, 2008.
Delaloye, R., Lambiel, C., and Gärtner-Roer, I.: Overview of rock glacier
kinematics research in the Swiss Alps. Seasonal rhythm, interannual variations
and trends over several decades, Geogr. Helvet., 65, 135–145, 2010.
Delaloye, R., Morard, S., Barboux, C., Abbet, D., Gruber, V., Riedo, M., and
Gachet, S.: Rapidly moving rock glaciers in Mattertal, in: Mattertal – ein Tal
in Bewegung, Publikation zur Jahrestagung der Schweizerischen Geomorphologischen
Gesellschaft, 29 Juni–1 Juli 2011, edited by: Graf, C., Eidg. Forschungsanstalt
WSL, St. Niklaus, Birmensdorf, 113–124, 2013.
Fryirs, C.: (Dis)Connectivity in catchment sediment cascades: a fresh look at
the sediment delivery problem, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 38, 30–46, 2013.
Gärtner-Roer, I. and Nyenhuis, M.: Volume estimation, kinematics and
sediment transfer rates of active rockglaciers in the Turtmann Valley,
Switzerland, in: Landform – structure, evolution, process control, Lecture
Notes in Earth Sciences 115, edited by: Otto, J. C. and Dikau, R., Springer,
Berlin, Heidelberg, 185–198, 2010.
Haeberli, W.: Creep of mountain permafrost: internal structure and flow of
alpine rock glaciers, in: vol. 77, Mitteilungen der Versuchsanstalt für
Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie der ETH Zürich, Zürich, 1985.
Haeberli, W., Hallet, B., Arenson, L., Elconin, R., Humlum, O., Kääb,
A., Kaufmann, V., Ladanyi, B., Matsuoka, N., Springman, S., and Vonder Mühll,
D.: Permafrost creep and rock glacier dynamics, Permafrost Periglac. Process.,
17, 189–214, 2006.
Harvey, A. M.: Effective timescales of coupling within fluvial systems,
Geomorphology, 44, 175–201, 2002.
Heckmann, T. and Schwanghart, W.: Geomorphic coupling and sediment connectivity
in an alpine catchment – Exploring sediment cascades using graph theory,
Geomorphology, 182, 89–103, 2013.
Humlum, O.: The geomorphic significance of rock glaciers: estimates of rock
glacier debris volumes and headwall recession rates in West Greenland,
Geomorphology, 35, 41–67, 2000.
Ikeda, A., Matsuoka, N., and Kääb, A.: Fast deformation of perennially
frozen debris in a warm rock glacier in the Swiss Alps: An effect of liquid
water, J. Geophys. Res., 113, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000859, 2008.
Jomelli, V., Brunstein, D., Grancher, D., and Pech, P.: Is the response of hill
slope debris flow to recent climate change univocal? A case study in the Massif
des Ecrins (French Alps), Climatic Change, 85, 119–137, 2007.
Kääb, A., Frauenfelder, R., and Roer, I.: On the response of rockglacier
creep to surface temprature increase, Global Planet. Change, 56, 172–187, 2007.
Kaufmann, V., Ladstädter, R., and Kienast, G.: 10 years of monitoring of
the Doesen rock glacier (Ankogel group, Austria) – A review of the research
activities for the time period 1995–2005, edited by: Petrovic, D., in:
Proceedings of the 5th Mountain Cartography Workshop, March–April 2006,
Bohinj, Slovenia, 129–144, 2007.
Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A. and Kaufmann, V.: About the relationship between rock
glacier velocity and climate parameters in central Austria, Aust. J. Earth Sci.,
105, 94–112, 2012.
Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A., Lieb, G. K., and Kleinferchner, H.: A new rock glacier
inventory of the eastern European Alps, Aust. J. Earth Sci., 105, 78–93, 2012.
Korup, O.: Geomorphic imprint of landslides on alpine river systems, southwest
New Zealand, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 30, 783–800, 2005.
Kummert, M. and Delaloye, R.: Quantifying sediment transfer between the front
of an active alpine rock glacier and a torrential gully, in: Geomorphometry for
Geosciences, edited by: Jasiewicz, J., Zwolinski, Z., Mitasova, H., and Hengl,
T., Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan – Institute of Geoecology and
Geoinformation, International Society for Geomorphometry, Poznan, 193–196, 2015.
Kummert, M. and Delaloye, R.: Mapping and quantifying sediment transfer between
the front of rapidly moving rock glaciers and torrential gullies, Geomorphology,
309, 60–76, 2018.
Kummert, M., Delaloye, R., and Braillard, L.: Erosion and sediment transfer
processes at the front of rapidly moving rock glaciers: systematic observations
with automatic cameras in the western Swiss Alps, Permafrost Periglac. Process.,
29, 21–33, 2018.
Lambiel, C. and Reynard, E.: Cartographie de la distribution du pergélisol
et datation des glaciers rocheux dans la région du Mont Gelé (Valais),
in: Entwicklungstendenzen und Zukunftsperspektiven in der Geomorphologie,
edited by: Maisch, M., Vonder Mühll, D., and Monbaron, M., Geographisches
Institut, Physische Geographie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, 91–103, 2003.
Lambiel, C., Delaloye, R., Strozzi, T., Lugon, R., and Raetzo, H.: ERS InSAR
for assessing rock glacier activity, edited by: Kane, D. L. and Hinkel, K. M.,
in: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Permafrost,
29 June–3 July 2008, Fairbanks, Alaska, 1019–1025, 2008.
Lexartza-Artza, I. and Wainwright, J.: Hydrological connectivity: Linking
concepts with practical implications, Catena, 79, 146–152, 2009.
Lugon, R. and Stoffel, M.: Rock glacier dynamics and magnitude-frequency
relations of debris flows in a high-elevation watershed: Ritigraben, Swiss Alps,
Global Planet. Change, 73, 202–210, 2010.
Marcer, M., Bodin, X., Brenning, A., Schoeneich, P., Charvet, R., and Gottardi,
F.: Permafrost Favorability Index: Spatial Modeling in the French Alps Using a
Rock Glacier Inventory, Front. Earth Sci., 5, 1–17, 2017.
Matsuoka, N.: Solifluction rates, processes and landforms: a global review,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 55, 107–134, 2001.
Messenzehl, K., Hoffmann, T., and Dikau, R.: Sediment connectivity in the
high-alpine valley of Val Müschauns, Swiss National Park – linking
geomorphic field mapping with geomorphometric modelling, Geomorphology,
221, 215–229, 2014.
Micheletti, N. and Lane, S. N.: Water yield and sediment export in small,
partially glaciated Alpine watersheds in a warming climate, Water Resour. Res.,
52, 4924–4943, 2016.
PERMOS: Permafrost in Switzerland 2010/2011 to 2013/2014, edited by: Noetzli,
J., Luethi, R., and Staub, B., Glaciological Report (Permafrost) No. 12–15,
Cryospheric Commission of the Swiss Academy of Sciences, 85 pp., 2016.
Rebetez, M., Lugon, R., and Baeriswyl, P.-A.: Climatic change and debris flows
in high mountain regions: the case study of the Ritigraben torrent (Swiss Alps),
Climatic Change, 36, 371–389, 1997.
Rickenmann, D.: Empirical relationships for debris flows, Nat. Hazards, 19, 47–77, 1999.
Roer, I., Kääb, A., and Dikau, R.: Rockglacier acceleration in the
Turtmann valley (Swiss Alps): probable controls, Norweg. J. Geogr., 59, 157–163, 2005.
Sattler, K., Keiler, M., Zischg, A., and Schrott, L.: On the connection between
debris flow activity and permafrost degradation: a case study from the
Schnalstal, south Tyrolean Alps, Italy, Permafrost Periglac. Process., 22, 254–265, 2011.
Sattler, K., Anderson, B., Mackintosh, A., and Norton, K.: Estimating permafrost
distribution in the maritime Southern Alps, New Zealand, based on climatic
conditions at rock glacier sites, Front. Earth Sci., 4, 1–17, 2016.
Schwab, M., Rieke-Zapp, D., Schneider, H., Liniger, M., and Schlunegger, F.:
Landsliding and sediment flux in the Central Swiss Alps: A photogrammetric
study of the Schimbrig landslide, Entlebuch, Geomorphology, 97, 392–406, 2008.
Shroder, J. F., Bishop, M. P., Copland, L., and Sloan, V. F.: Debris-covered
Glaciers and Rock Glaciers in the Nanga Parbat, Himalaya, Pakistan, Geograf.
Ann. A, 82, 17–31, 2000.
Tiranti, D., Crema, S., Cavalli, M., and Deangeli, C.: An Integrated Study to
Evaluate Debris Flow Hazard in Alpine Environment, Front. Earth Sci., 6, 1–14, 2018.
Williams, P. J. and Smith, M. W.: The Frozen Earth: Fundamentals of Geocryology,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1989.
Zimmermann, M., Mani, P., and Romang, H.: Magnitude-frequency aspects of alpine
debris flows, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 90, 415–420, 1997.
Theme issue